# 拉起快递类应用（startAbilityByType）

本章节介绍如何拉起快递类应用扩展面板。

例如，在消息类App中，用户收到快递单号，应用能够识别快递单号信息并提供快递查询的链接。用户点击链接后，应用将通过调用[UIAbilityContext.startAbilityByType](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-references/js-apis-inner-application-uiabilitycontext#startabilitybytype11)或[UIExtensionContentSession.startAbilityByType](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-references/js-apis-app-ability-uiextensioncontentsession#startabilitybytype11)接口，拉起快递类应用的扩展面板。面板上将展示设备上所有支持快递查询的应用，供用户选择并跳转至所需应用。

## 快递类应用扩展面板参数说明

startAbilityByType接口中type字段为express，支持查询快递意图，对应的wantParam参数如下：

|参数名|类型|必填|说明|
|:--------|:-----|:-|:-----------------------------------|
|sceneType|number|否|意图场景，表明本次请求对应的操作意图。默认为1，查询快递场景填1或不填。|
|expressNo|string|是|快递单号。|

## 拉起方开发步骤

1. 导入相关模块。

   ```ts
   import { common } from '@kit.AbilityKit';
   ```

2. 构造接口参数并调用startAbilityByType接口。

   ```ts
   @Entry
   @Component
   struct Index {
       @State hideAbility: string = 'hideAbility';

       build() {
           Row() {
               Column() {
                   Text(this.hideAbility)
                   .fontSize(30)
                   .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
                       .onClick(() => {
                           let context = this.getUIContext().getHostContext() as common.UIAbilityContext;
                           let wantParam: Record<string, Object> = {
                               'sceneType': 1,
                               'expressNo': 'SF123456'
                           };
                           let abilityStartCallback: common.AbilityStartCallback = {
                               onError: (code: number, name: string, message: string) => {
                                   console.error(`onError code ${code} name: ${name} message: ${message}`);
                               },
                               onResult: (result) => {
                                   console.info(`onResult result: ${JSON.stringify(result)}`);
                               }
                           }

                           context.startAbilityByType("express", wantParam, abilityStartCallback,
                               (err) => {
                                   if (err) {
                                       console.error(`startAbilityByType fail, err: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
                                   } else {
                                       console.info(`success`);
                                   }
                               });
                       });
               }
               .width('100%')
           }
           .height('100%')
       }
   }
   ```

   效果示例图：

   ![](https://contentcenter-vali-drcn.dbankcdn.cn/pvt_2/DeveloperAlliance_scene_100_1/99/v3/_OIorxdPSRi8-Bq1WoCLDQ/zh-cn_image_0000002749491604.png?HW-CC-KV=V1&HW-CC-Date=20260929T121655Z&HW-CC-Expire=31536000000&HW-CC-Sign=A5908AA8B6070DE9946111B9207F87D210EAAF158D7AFA56EAF339BFFF8484C7)

## 目标方开发步骤

1. 在module.json5中配置[uris](https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/harmonyos-guides/module-configuration-file#skills标签)：

   1. 设置linkFeature属性以声明当前应用支持的特性功能，从而系统可以从设备已安装应用中找到当前支持该特性的应用，取值范围如下：

      |取值|含义|
      |:-----------|:----------|
      |QueryExpress|声明应用支持快递查询。|

   2. 设置scheme、host、port、path/pathStartWith属性，与Want中URI相匹配，以便区分不同功能。

      ```json
      {
          "abilities": [
              {
                  "skills": [
                      {
                          "uris": [
                              {
                                  "scheme": "express",
                                  "host": "queryExpress",
                                  "path": "",
                                  "linkFeature": "QueryExpress"
                              }
                          ]
                      }
                  ]
              }
          ]
      }
      ```

2. 解析参数并做对应处理。

   ```ts
   UIAbility.onCreate(want: Want, launchParam: AbilityConstant.LaunchParam): void
   ```

   在参数**want.uri**中会携带目标方配置的linkFeature对应的uri。

   在参数**want.parameters**中会携带Caller方传入的参数，如下所示：

   |参数名|类型|必填|说明|
   |:--------|:-----|:-|:----|
   |expressNo|string|是|快递单号。|

**完整示例：**

```ts
import { AbilityConstant, UIAbility, Want } from '@kit.AbilityKit';
import { hilog } from '@kit.PerformanceAnalysisKit';
import { window } from '@kit.ArkUI';

const TAG = 'EntryAbility';

export default class EntryAbility extends UIAbility {
    windowStage: window.WindowStage | null = null;

    uri?: string;
    expressNo?: string;

    onCreate(want: Want, launchParam: AbilityConstant.LaunchParam): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, `onCreate, want=${JSON.stringify(want)}`);
        super.onCreate(want, launchParam);
        this.parseWant(want);
    }

    onNewWant(want: Want, launchParam: AbilityConstant.LaunchParam): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, `onNewWant, want=${JSON.stringify(want)}`);
        super.onNewWant(want, launchParam);
        this.parseWant(want);
        if (!this.windowStage) {
            hilog.error(0x0000, TAG, 'windowStage is null');
            this.context.terminateSelf();
            return;
        }
        this.loadPage(this.windowStage);
    }

    private parseWant(want: Want): void {
        this.uri = want.uri as string | undefined;
        this.expressNo = want.parameters?.expressNo as string | undefined;
    }

    private loadPage(windowStage: window.WindowStage): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, `loadPage, uri=${this.uri}`);
        if (this.uri === 'express://queryExpress') {
            // 构建快递查询参数
            const storage: LocalStorage = new LocalStorage({
                "expressNo": this.expressNo
            } as Record<string, Object>);
            // 拉起快递查询页面
            windowStage.loadContent('pages/QueryExpressPage', storage)
        } else {
            // 默认拉起首页
            windowStage.loadContent('pages/Index', (err) => {
                if (err.code) {
                    hilog.error(0x0000, TAG, 'Failed to load the content. Cause: %{public}s',
                        JSON.stringify(err) ?? '');
                    return;
                }
                hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, 'Succeeded in loading the content.');
            });
        }
    }

    onDestroy(): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, `onDestroy`);
    }

    onWindowStageCreate(windowStage: window.WindowStage): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, `onWindowStageCreate`);
        this.windowStage = windowStage;
        this.loadPage(this.windowStage);
    }

    onWindowStageDestroy(): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, '%{public}s', 'Ability onWindowStageDestroy');
    }

    onForeground(): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, '%{public}s', 'Ability onForeground');
    }

    onBackground(): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, '%{public}s', 'Ability onBackground');
    }
}
```