Advanced Audio Distribution Profile. This profile supports high-quality audio transmission and is suitable for music playback on Bluetooth headsets, speakers, and similar devices. It defines two roles: A2DP Source and A2DP Sink.
The audio receiving device in the A2DP profile. It is responsible for decoding and playing audio. Typical devices include Bluetooth headsets and speakers.
The audio source device in the A2DP profile. It is responsible for encoding and sending audio data. Typical devices include phones and tablets.
Asynchronous Connectionless Link. In the Bluetooth subsystem, it indicates the connection status of the physical link between devices.
Bluetooth Low Energy. This protocol has been supported since Bluetooth 4.0. Compared with classic Bluetooth, it is a Bluetooth communication technology designed for low power consumption and long battery life.
Basic Rate. This is a Bluetooth wireless communication technology used to refer to classic Bluetooth. It is mainly used for file transfer and audio streaming.
Bluetooth Special Interest Group. This organization publishes Bluetooth technical specifications. You can obtain detailed Bluetooth technical documents from its official website.
The core data unit of a GATT service (Service). It is the basic unit for data read/write and notification in GATT communication and is uniquely identified by a UUID.
The data unit of a GATT characteristic (Characteristic). It describes additional information and attributes of the characteristic, supports data read/write, and is identified by a UUID.
Enhanced Data Rate. This is an enhanced version of Bluetooth BR with a higher data transmission rate. Together with BR, it is referred to as classic Bluetooth.
Generic Attribute Profile. This is the core protocol of BLE. It defines the mechanism for Bluetooth communication and data transmission based on services (Service), characteristics (Characteristic), and descriptors (Descriptor).
Hands-Free unit. This is the hands-free device in the HFP profile. It serves as the remote control end in Bluetooth call audio and provides physical interaction interfaces, such as buttons, and audio input/output capabilities, such as microphones and speakers. Typical devices include Bluetooth headsets and in-vehicle Bluetooth systems.
Hands-Free Profile. This profile is used to implement hands-free calling between Bluetooth devices and supports functions such as two-way voice calls and call control. It defines two roles: HFP AG and HF.
Hands-Free Audio Gateway. This is the audio gateway in the HFP profile. It serves as the audio processing center in Bluetooth call audio and is responsible for functions such as call control, for example, answering or hanging up a call, and managing audio input/output. Typical devices include phones and tablets.
Human Interface Device Profile. This profile is designed for classic Bluetooth and can be used to implement low-latency bidirectional communication between Bluetooth wireless human interface devices. For example, it can be used to transfer data between devices such as keyboards, mice, and game controllers and a host such as a phone or tablet. This profile defines two roles: HID Host and HID Device.
In the HID profile, data transmission channels are classified into two types: the interrupt channel and the control channel. The interrupt channel is used to transmit one-way low-latency real-time data. The control channel is used to transmit two-way reliable real-time data and includes the following three requests:
An HID device that provides human interface data input/output for an HID Host device. Typical devices include mice and keyboards.
The host device in the HID profile. It is responsible for receiving and processing input data from an HID Device and performing the corresponding operations. Typical devices include phones and tablets.
HID over GATT Profile. This HID specification is implemented over the GATT protocol of Bluetooth Low Energy. It ports classic HID capabilities to BLE devices for reuse and is compatible with the HID interaction logic of BLE devices such as keyboards, mice, and selfie sticks.
Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol. This protocol can meet multiple transmission requirements of upper-layer protocols and applications, provide connection-oriented and connectionless data services, and support multiplexing, segmentation, and reassembly.
Message Access Profile. This profile can be used to implement message synchronization between Bluetooth devices and supports data transmission for text messages, emails, and similar content. It defines two roles: MCE and MSE.
Message Client Equipment. This is the message client in the MAP profile and can view and manage messages on the MSE. A typical device is an in-vehicle Bluetooth system.
Message Server Equipment. This is the message server in the MAP profile and stores original message data, such as text messages or emails. A typical device is a phone.
Maximum Transmission Unit. It indicates the maximum size of a single data packet transmitted over a network, in bytes.
Network Access Point. This is the network access point in the PAN profile. It acts as a gateway device and provides Internet access or local network sharing. Typical devices include phones and tablets.
Out of Band. This refers to transmitting information through channels independent of the main data channel. For example, during Bluetooth pairing, devices can exchange security keys through non-Bluetooth channels such as a Wi-Fi network or NFC to improve pairing security.
Object Push Profile. This profile is built on the Generic Object Exchange Profile (GOEP) and can be used to transfer data such as images and documents between devices.
Personal Area Network. This Bluetooth personal area network profile supports network sharing between devices. In this profile, NAP and PANU are the two core roles.
Personal Area Network User. This is the personal area network user in the PAN profile. As a client device, it proactively connects to a NAP to obtain network services.
Phone Book Access Profile. This profile can be used to implement phone book data synchronization between Bluetooth devices and supports data transmission for contacts, call logs, and similar content. It defines two roles: PCE and PSE.
Phone Book Client Equipment. This is the phone book client in the PBAP profile. As the data requester, it can obtain phone book data from the PSE. A typical device is an in-vehicle Bluetooth system.
Phone Book Server Equipment. This is the phone book server in the PBAP profile and stores original phone book data, such as contacts and call logs. A typical device is a phone.
In the Bluetooth subsystem, this term usually refers to a Bluetooth technical protocol or capability, for example, A2DP, HFP, and HID.
Protocol/Service Multiplexer. As a parameter on an L2CAP link, it is used to identify the data transmission channel of a specific service. By using PSM to distinguish different upper-layer services, multiple service data streams can be multiplexed over a single L2CAP link.
Radio Frequency Communication. This protocol is used to simulate traditional RS232 serial communication, a common wired data transmission standard. It provides upper-layer applications with a simple and reliable data transmission method and supports multiple simultaneously connected channels.
Received Signal Strength Indicator. It quantifies the signal strength at the receiving end in wireless communication by using a relative value, in dBm. It can be used to evaluate the distance between devices and signal quality.
Synchronous Connection-Oriented. This is a connection-oriented synchronous data link in the Bluetooth protocol stack. It is mainly used to transmit time-sensitive audio data, such as voice calls.
Service Discovery Protocol. This protocol in the Bluetooth protocol stack is used for service discovery. It is used to discover and identify the services and capabilities supported by other Bluetooth devices, and to negotiate communication parameters during Bluetooth pairing and connection.
In Bluetooth protocols, this term usually refers to a service in the GATT profile. It is a data structure that contains multiple Characteristic values and other dependent services, represents a capability of a BLE device, and is uniquely identified by a UUID.
Serial Port Profile. This protocol in the Bluetooth protocol stack provides serial port emulation services based on RFCOMM and can be used to implement communication connections and data transmission between Bluetooth devices.
Universally Unique Identifier. This is a standardized 128-bit (16-byte) string. In Bluetooth technology, it can be used to identify different Profile protocols, as well as services (Service), characteristics (Characteristic), and descriptors (Descriptor) in the GATT profile.